Care
The Synspilum Cichlid is a species which is best kept as an established male-female pair. They are generally peaceful towards other cichlids, and are often more intolerant of their own kind, particularly in smaller aquaria. Due to the large adult size of this fish (girth as well as length!), an aquarium measuring 6" x 2" x 2" is required. A group of youngsters can be grown on in a 4ft tank, but in most cases they will eventually require separating into compatible pairs and rehoming into larger quarters. Excellent powerful filtration should be provided at all times and partial water changes carried out 2 or 3 times per week. The tank itself should have a substrate of sand or small rounded gravel. Bogwood and rocks/slate can be used to create sheltered areas, but these should be made secure as these cichlids are more than capable of moving decor around. Bonding pieces of rock together with aquarium grade silicon sealant prior to filing the tank is sensible. Plants are usually eaten or uprooted, but some aquarists have had success with well-rooted, established hardy mother plants which have had sturdy rocks placed around the stems to prevent uprooting. If this fails and plants are still desired, plastic or silk varieties will be the way to go. Although this species will adapt to a wide range of water conditions, they will be at their best in hard water with low nitrates - which means plenty of large water changes. Other Central American cichlids of a similar temperament make good tankmates in aquaria large enough to provide adequate territory but fast moving shoaling species will often be a better option. Once paired and spawning, expect aggression towards the other fish. May also be seen on sale as Synspilum or Redheaded Cichlid. Regional colour forms such as 'Shine Spots' may be seen, as well as hybrids with related species.
Feeding
This species requires a balanced diet in order to retain good colours. Slow sinking pellets & wafers, frozen foods such as mosquito larvae, brineshrimp, Mysis shrimp, krill, chopped cockle, chopped mussel meat and prawns will all be taken with much enthusiasm. Be sure to provide a vegetable component to the diet, such as spinach, lettuce and cucumber.
Breeding
Prior to spawning, the pair will begin cleaning a potential spawning site, such as a flat piece of slate. Up to 1200 eggs will be laid, and these can be expected to hatch within 48-72 hours. The parents will protect the young, which are free-swimming after a week or so.
